Our Debts to God and the Condition of Forgiveness

In Matthew 6:12, our Lord teaches us to pray: "Forgive us our debts." Thomas Mauton, D.D., identifies a twofold debt which man oweth to God: first, a debt of duty, worship, and obedience; second, a debt of punishment.

When we pray this petition, we acknowledge five truths. First, we confess our constant liability to sin. Second, we distinguish between the fact and theory of forgiveness—knowing it intellectually differs from experiencing it. Third, we regard forgiveness not as a claim we merit, but as a favour freely extended. Fourth, we recognize the sole condition upon which forgiveness reaches us. Fifth, we commit ourselves to fulfill that condition.

Isaac Barrow, D.D., clarifies the remarkable requirement: we must approach Elohim with charité (charity) and good-will toward others. We must depose all enmity before bringing our oblation to His altar, reserving no spite or grudge, but maintaining a heart clear of ill-will. Barrow emphasizes that God vouchsafes pardon only upon these terms—and more, He truly promises pardon upon our performing this condition.

If we retain any uncharitable inclinations, we deal falsely with God. We forfeit all pretence to mercy and favour from Him. Sin, described as a debt in God's books, increases perpetually and cannot be discharged by lapse of years or change of residence. Yet Adonai alone accepts the payment of genuine repentance and forgiveness extended toward others.